Vrinda's primary area of study is South Asian art and visual culture. Her publications and research have engaged with a spectrum of subjects from the pre-modern to contemporary periods. In 2019-2020, as the Tagore National Scholar for Cultural Research she reconstructed the provenance of hundreds of paintings that were acquired by M. S. Randhawa, the founder of the Government Museum and Art Gallery in Chandigarh. Vrinda has also worked with author and art historian B. N. Goswamy on the publication Oxford Readings in Indian Art (2018), held fellowships at the National Museum of Asian Art in Washington, D.C., and the Asia Society Museum, New York.
She is the recipient of the Raza fellowship (2013) for research pertaining to this subject.